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Medlock MM, Cantilena Jr L, Haigney M, Riel M, Kahn R, Ekashef A, Chian CN
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Cardiovascular effects of intravenous cocaine in human volunters | Title |
2003 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Washington DC, April 2-5; in: Clin Pharm Ther 2003, 73(2), P31
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| Cocaine, Cardiovascular damage
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| Objective: To characterize the cardiovascular (CV) effects of IV cocaine. Methods: 37 cocaine-experienced volunteers who were enrolled in two inpatient trials using IV cocaine infusions were given cocaine in an infusion-sequence, double-blinded design with placebo and 20 mg cocaine on Day 1 followed by placebo and 40 mg cocaine on Day 2. CV data (heart rate-HR, systolic blood pressure-SP, and diastolic blood pressure-DP) were collected prior to and after the infusions. The data were analyzed as change from baseline for each timepoint. Peak change, times to peak change, and AUC from 0 to 50 minutes post infusion were determined. A subset of subjects (n=17) received an identical second separate set of cocaine infusions between 2 and 21 days later allowing comparison to the original infusion set. Results: CV responses to IV cocaine varied widely among the subjects. Cocaine, at either 20 or 40 mg, significantly increased HR, SP, and DP compared to placebo (p<0.05). Cocaine at 40 mg produced a significantly greater increase than 20 mg for peak change of HR and SP; AUC was significantly greater for HR, SP and DP. Mean maximal increases of HR, SP, and DP after 40 mg were 40.4 beats/min, 29.0 mmHg, and 19.1 mmHg, respectively. There were no significant differences in CV responses for subjects receiving a second, duplicate infusion set. Conclusions: IV cocaine produces dose dependent CV responses. Intra-subject CV responses between infusion sessions are fairly consistent.
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